Description
Dulbecco's MEM is the most widely used modification of BME. It contains a 4-fold higher concentration of amino acids and vitamins. Non-essential amino acids and certain essential trace elements were added. The bicarbonate concentration was increased. The standard formula for DMEM is with 1000mg/ml glucose. DMEM "High Glucose" with 4500mg/ml aides in the cultivation of certain cell types. DMEM was originally developed for the culture of mice embryonic cells. Today, it finds a broad application of serum free culture of normal and transformed mouse and chicken cells.
Ham's Nutrient Mixtures were originally developed to support growth of several clones of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, of HeLa and of mouse L-cells. Ham's mixtures were formulated for use with or without serum supplementation, depending on the cell type being cultured. Ham's F-12 was developed for growth of primary rat hepatocytes and rat prostate epithelial cells. It is also used in a clonal toxicity assay using CHO cells